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CMAKE Primer

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This post is translated from Chinese into English through AI.View Original
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The document provides a beginner-friendly tutorial for using CMake, specifically tailored for C++ projects. It highlights a GitHub resource for learning CMake but notes that it's not suitable for production environments due to its complexity and reliance on a specific compiler (Clang). The tutorial suggests focusing on the first three steps and emphasizes the need to download necessary tools like CMake, MinGW64, and arm-none-eabi-gcc, preferably through the MSYS2 environment to avoid dependency issues. It outlines the creation of a simple CMake project using STM32CubeMX, detailing the structure of the project and the contents of the main `CMakeLists.txt` file. Key configurations include setting the C standard, defining the build type, and linking directories and libraries. The document also explains how to include a toolchain file for ARM development, specifying compiler settings and paths. Overall, it serves as a guide for setting up a basic CMake project for ARM development, with a focus on proper configuration and toolchain management.

Where to Start#

First, there is such a tutorial, which is very "from beginner to beginner."👌

If you want to fully understand the mechanisms and syntax of CMAKE, you can follow this tutorial all the way through. However, the tutorial has the following issues:

[!NOTE]

  1. It is only for learning and understanding, not suitable for production environments. The tutorial is based on a learning environment, using C++, and the default C compiler (in my environment, it is clang), and the compiled output is only an exe that can run on the desktop. We certainly need to use arm_gcc for compilation, or at least know how to specify other gcc tools to use the project in production.
  2. The project structure is overly complex, which is not conducive to beginners' understanding. Since it cannot be used for production, the entire software is too complex, with too many cmakelist files, which is unfriendly to beginners.

So you can just look at Steps 1 to 3 of the tutorial.

The software tools involved need to be downloaded by yourself and the executable file paths added to the environment variables:

  • Cmake
  • MinGW64
  • arm-none-eabi-gcc

Or use my packaged portable vscode environment from my file station.

Then use stm32cubemx to randomly generate a debuglink project, selecting CMAKE as the toolchain for project generation. Then analyze the project it generates.

Download Software Tools#

It is recommended to install Cmake and MinGW64 using the MSYS2 MINGW64 branch environment, as manual installation may lead to dependency issues that make it difficult to proceed, or scattered dependencies that are not conducive to modularization.

After installing MSYS2, open mingw64.exe and run the following two commands:

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-make
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake

After installation, add the path of the MSYS2 mingw64/bin folder to the system environment variable path.

arm-none-eabi-gcc needs to be downloaded from the official website, as the version downloaded in MSYS2 is incomplete and will miss the GDB tool.

Download from Arm GNU Toolchain Downloads – Arm Developer or my file mirror arm-gcc.

After extracting or installing, make sure to add the path of the bin folder to the system environment variable path.

A Simple Project#

In stm32cubemx,

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